Endocrine Abstracts

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder present in 5–10% women of the reproductive period. The endocrine manifestations of PCOS include excess androgen production of ovarian and/or adrenal origin and arrested follicular development leading to chronic oligo- or anovulation. As a consequence, PCOS is associated with increased risk of infertility, and in long term to type 2 diabetes, and possibly cardiovascular disease. The ovary is gene...

Background: Pregnancy is a state of insulin resistance that can predict diabetes development in some women, and is associated with increased risk for neonate and for mother. Frequency of glucose intolerance may be increased in the follow-up years.Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the presence of risk factors for type 2 diabetes and degree of glucose tolerance in population of pregnant women.Materials and methods: The study...

Background: The levels of maternal thyroid hormone concentrations increase from early pregnancy, with a mild increase in free hormones in the first trimester with a corresponding lowering of serum TSH. Thyroid autoantibodies are found in 5–15% of women during childbearing age, and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is the main cause of hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormone contributes critically to normal fetal brain development. In the first trimester, the ‘normal’ range...

Introduction: The basic characteristics of metabolism in pregnancy are changes from anabolic to catabolic conditions with an increase in insulin resistance, moderate, reversible increase in lipid concentration in the blood, and accumulation of fat stores in the mother’s tissues. Lipid metabolism is essential for the development of healthy pregnancy, and fatty acids are a significant source of energy and a key element for membrane synthesis, while cholesterol, in addition ...

Background: Pregnancy presents a state of insulin resistance that can predipose diabetes development in some women, and is associated with increased risk for neonate and for mother. Gestational diabetes is a period of glucose intolerance that manifests at the beginning of the third trimester.Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse glycoregulation in healthy pregnant women.Materials and methods: This study included 77 healthy pregn...

Introduction: Thyroid disease in pregnancy is a common clinical problem, at least 2–3% of women have thyroid dysfunction, and it is estimated that about 5–20% of women of reproductive age suffer from autoimmune thyroid disease. Subclinical thyroid disease during pregnancy may be associated with adverse outcomes. In the first trimester, the ‘normal’ range for TSH is reduced to 0.1–2.5 mIU/l, and in the second and third trimester is 3.0 mIU/l.<p clas...

Aim: There is a significant link between the increased activity of estrogen and its metabolites in endometrial carcinogenesis. Polymorphisms of the gene involved in metabolism of estrogen can modulate risk for the development of endometrial cancer. CYP1B1 plays an important role in estrogen metabolism. In our study, the frequency of three CYP1B1 gene polymorphisms (4326 C> G, 4390 A> G and 355 G> T) were studied in obese and non-obese women with endometrio...

Introduction: Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer. It is characterized by a high rate of local recurrence after surgical resection as well as the occurrence of distant metastases. It mostly occurs in the elderly and the exact etiology is unknown. The most significant risk factors for its occurrence are exposure to ultraviolet light and the oncogenic effect of the Merkel cell polyoma virus.Aim: Demographic and clinica...

Introduction: Pregnancy as a state of insulin resistance can predict diabetes development in some women, and is associated with increased risk for adverse outcome of neonate and for mother.Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse pregnancy outcome in relation to a disorder of glucose tolerance during pregnancy.Matherial and methods: The study included 77 healthy pregnant women in third trimester registered in Center for endocrinolo...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by excessive androgen secretion and women with PCOS are at risk of developing anxiety disorders. Maternal testosterone levels in humans have been shown to affect brain development and to be correlated to mental function. During pregnancy, women with PCOS display high circulating androgen levels that may affect the fetus and increase the risk of mood disorders in offspring. This study investigated whether maternal androgen exces...